The article analyzes the problem of conditioning the objectives of the «One Belt, One Road» foreign policy strategy with China's domestic problems. In the conditions of slowing economic growth, problems of overproduction and overcapacity, increasing tendency of disproportionate development of regions, as well as challenges in the field of security and growing crisis with the United States, China proposed a new geopolitical strategy – OPOP in order to proceed to the next big stage of development, which should lead to a new cherished goal – to build a «welfare society" by the beginning of 2030, which in turn should allow to start the main battle for the «Chinese dream» – the rise of China's independence, the development of the «One Belt, One Road». The author considers these problems in the context of cooperation with Central Asian countries