Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of US policy towards the countries of the Central Asian region from the period of their independence to the present day. During this period, the United States pursued a policy focused primarily on its own national interests and formulated back in 1992 in the American Freedom Support Act. However, modern geopolitical conditions require the United States to adapt its policies to the new reality. Leading American analysts believe that inappropriate promises and unrealistic goals can only lead to disappointment and irritation among the states of the region, so the United States should take a realistic approach towards the countries of Central Asia, based on an adequate assessment of the situation and taking into account the national interests of the countries in the region

Keywords

Central Asia; USA; foreign policy; democracy promotion; independence

References

  1. Rumer, E., Sokolsky, R., & Stronski, P. (2016). U.S. policy toward Central Asia 3.0. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

  2. Braterksy, M.V. (2005). The United States and problematic Asian countries: Policy justification, development and implementation in 1990-2005. MONF: ISK RAN.

  3. U.S. Embassy & Consulate in Kazakhstan. (2020). Over 26 years of U.S.-Kazakhstan joint nuclear nonproliferation mission. Retrieved from https://kz.usembassy.gov/ru/us-and-kazakhstan-26-years-of-a-joint-nuclear-nonproliferation-mission-ru/.

  4. Congressional Research Service. (2003). Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Programs: Issues for Congress. Retrieved from https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/97-1027.html.

  5. U.S. Congress. (1992). Freedom Support Act (Public Law 102-511). Retrieved from https://www.congress.gov/bill/102nd-congress/senate-bill/2532/text.

  6. Kazantsev, A.A. (2012). U.S. policy in post-Soviet Central Asia: Character and prospects. MGIMO Review of International Relations, 4(25), 155-164.

  7. The White House. (1995). A national security strategy of engagement and enlargement. Retrieved from https://nssarchive.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/1995.pdf.

  8. Kazakhstan & United States. Charter on democratic partnership. (1994). Retrieved from https://ir.rudn.ru/ru/p10.

  9. National Energy Policy Development Group. (2001). Reliable, affordable, and environmentally sound energy for America's future. Retrieved from https://wtrg.com/EnergyReport/National-Energy-Policy.pdf.

  10. Talbott, S. (1997). A farewell to Flashman: American policy in the Caucasus and Central Asia. Retrieved from https://1997-2001.state.gov/regions/nis/970721talbott.html.

  11. Garbuzarova, E.G. (2023). U.S. policy in Central Asia: Phases of activity. Post-Soviet Issues, 10(1), 26-36. 

  12. Russian International Affairs Council. (n.d.). Obama's Central Asian strategy. Retrieved from https://russiancouncil.ru/en/analytics-and-comments/analytics/obama-s-central-asian-strategy/.